The Pill
The pill, or oral contraception, is available in three types: combination estrogen and progestin, progestin only (a.k.a. mini pills) and extended cycle. Combo and mini-pills are taken daily/Extended-cycle pills are taken for 84 days followed by a week of inactive pills. Common side effects include irregular bleeding, spotting, nausea, tender breasts, headaches, weight gain, changes in mood, decreased libido, vaginal discharge and possible changes in vision among those who wear contact lenses.
How it works: Oral contraception stops ovulation and thickens the mucus around the cervix, which makes it more difficult for sperm to enter the uterus. In addition, the pill changes the lining of the uterus, which makes it harder to fertilize an embryo.
Cost: Up to $50
Rate of effectiveness: 91 percent
